Clinical Focus ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 379-384.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2022.04.018
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Received:2021-12-10Online:2022-04-20Published:2022-05-13
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| NTHi独立致病因素 | 与人免疫系统的关系 |
|---|---|
| 人补体抑制因子H | 补体激活替代途径的抑制剂,可以与Hi的外膜蛋白结合,减弱补体介导的对NTHi的杀伤作用[ |
| 外膜蛋白P4 | 是NTHi的玻连蛋白结合蛋白,可提高其在血清的存活率,提高了NTHi在人体中的存活率[ |
| HMW和Hia蛋白 | 可以刺激抗体反应,与免疫应答的刺激有关[ |
| IgA1P | 可以掩盖Hi荚膜多糖和其他表面抗原, 有助于逃避宿主的免疫反应。IgA1P的其他底物可以通过避免溶酶体降解来帮助细菌在上皮细胞中存活,可以通过抑制TNF-α的功能来逃避宿主免疫反应诱导的细胞凋亡[ |
| LOS | 具有与人体鞘磷脂结构和抗原性相同的唾液酸末端,可以模拟宿主分子结构逃脱免疫细胞的吞噬和清除[ |
| 唾液酸 | 唾液酸Neu5Ac的掺入除了能提高对血清中抗体的抵抗力,还阻止了半乳糖在庚糖Ⅲ(heptose Ⅲ,Hep Ⅲ)上的识别,从而减少了IgM与细菌表面的结合[ |
| PV | PV中基因oafA 表达是抵抗宿主免疫系统对补体介导的杀伤作用所必需的[ |
| 磷脂酰胆碱 | 在NTHi的LOS中存在的磷脂酰胆碱减少了肺上皮细胞释放IL-1b,从而抑制了炎症的发生,这可能在不触发免疫系统的情况下促进定植[ |
| NTHi独立致病因素 | 与人免疫系统的关系 |
|---|---|
| 人补体抑制因子H | 补体激活替代途径的抑制剂,可以与Hi的外膜蛋白结合,减弱补体介导的对NTHi的杀伤作用[ |
| 外膜蛋白P4 | 是NTHi的玻连蛋白结合蛋白,可提高其在血清的存活率,提高了NTHi在人体中的存活率[ |
| HMW和Hia蛋白 | 可以刺激抗体反应,与免疫应答的刺激有关[ |
| IgA1P | 可以掩盖Hi荚膜多糖和其他表面抗原, 有助于逃避宿主的免疫反应。IgA1P的其他底物可以通过避免溶酶体降解来帮助细菌在上皮细胞中存活,可以通过抑制TNF-α的功能来逃避宿主免疫反应诱导的细胞凋亡[ |
| LOS | 具有与人体鞘磷脂结构和抗原性相同的唾液酸末端,可以模拟宿主分子结构逃脱免疫细胞的吞噬和清除[ |
| 唾液酸 | 唾液酸Neu5Ac的掺入除了能提高对血清中抗体的抵抗力,还阻止了半乳糖在庚糖Ⅲ(heptose Ⅲ,Hep Ⅲ)上的识别,从而减少了IgM与细菌表面的结合[ |
| PV | PV中基因oafA 表达是抵抗宿主免疫系统对补体介导的杀伤作用所必需的[ |
| 磷脂酰胆碱 | 在NTHi的LOS中存在的磷脂酰胆碱减少了肺上皮细胞释放IL-1b,从而抑制了炎症的发生,这可能在不触发免疫系统的情况下促进定植[ |
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