Abstract: ObjectiveDrug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to four common antituberculosis drugs in sputum of tuberculosis patients was analyzed; difference in sensitivity of four common antituberculosis drugs was compared between initial treatment and retreatment tuberculosis patients， which all provide a reference for clinic treatment to reduce the incidence of multidrug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MethodsUsing the ratio method， 350 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were tested for the susceptibilities to two firstline antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) and two secondline antituberculosis drugs (ofloxacin and kanamycin). ResultsThe total resistant rate of 350 strains was 37.7% (131/350)， while that of initial treatment patients and retreatment patients was 30.4%(71/233) and 51.3%(60/117). Furthermore， the total rate of multidrug resistance was 15.4%(54/350)， the multidrug resistance rate of initial treatment was 11.2%(26/233)， while that of retreatment patients was 23.9% (28/117). Compared with the results of the fifth national epidemiological survey of tuberculosis， the drug and multidrug resistance rate both increased. ConclusionThe drug and multidrug resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the retreatment tuberculosis patients were higher than the strain from initial treatment tuberculosis patients. It is crucial for the initial treatment patients to strengthen the standard treatment management.

Key words: mycobacterium tuberculosis, extensively drugresistant tuberculosis