Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in serum lipid levels between Tibetan and Han residents  in Qinghai  province and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.MethodsA total of 7 185 participants (Tibetan 3 343，Han 3 842) were enrolled in this study. Fasting plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC)，triglyceride(TG)，highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC)， and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC)  were tested.ResultsThe overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 49.1%， which was higher than that in plains at home. The prevalence rate in Tibetan was lower than that in Han   residents(45.3% vs 52.3%). The rate of dyslipidemia increased with age both in Tibetan and Han residents.Moreover， the rate of dyslipidemia was higher in males than in females before 55 years old(P<0.05).TC and LDLC levels in Tibetan were higher than those in Han  residents(P<0.05)， while  TG and HDLC levels were significantly lower(P<0.05). The majority of Tibetans was hypercholesterolemia， the Han nationality was hypertriglyceridemia. However， the incidence of  low  HDLC in two groups were the lowest.ConclusionCompared with plain areas of China， the prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in  QinghaiTibet plateau. Tibetans had higher TC and LDLC while the Han nationality had higher TG. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was different in age， nationality and sex. In order to reduce the prevalence rate， more attention should be paid to the screening and prevention of dyslipidemia in the high altitude area.

Key words: dyslipidemia, ethnic groups; , han nationality, zang nationality, plateau