Abstract: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is recognized as a major cause of nosocomial diseases ranging from antibioticassociated diarrhea to fulminant colitis. The past two decades saw C. difficile hyper virulent BI/NAP1/027 strain being associated with increased incidence and severity of CDI, which involved considerable human resourches, financial and material loss. Thus,  the development of novel therapeutics is imperative for the prevention and treatment of CDI. Vaccination can represent a valuable strategy to prevent CDI and the study on experimental vaccines against C. difficile has undergone for almost 20 years. This review summarizes recent achievements and remaining challenges in the field of C. difficile vaccines in a bid to provide references for clinical work and scientific research.

Key words: Clostridium infections; , diarrhea; , vaccine