Abstract: Objective  Detect the concentration of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF)， macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF) 、some inflammatory factors and βamyloid (Aβ) in plasma of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Analyze their relationship， explore the role of these factors in the pathogenesis of AD and VaD， and provide a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of both.Methods  24 AD patients， 17 VaD patients and 32 healthy controls were included. Basic information of them were collected. The concentration of plasma GCSF， MCSF， IL4， IL5， IL6， IL12p40， IL12p70， IL15， IL16， IL17， Aβ40， Aβ42 were measured by array. Results  The concentrations of plasma GCSF， MCSF， IL4， IL5， IL6， IL12p40， IL12p70， IL15 and IL16 in AD group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The concentrations of MCSF and IL4 in VaD group were significantly lower than those in control group. The levels of plasma Aβ42 in AD group and VaD group were significantly higher than those in control group. Each factor showed no significant difference between AD and VaD groups.Conclusion  Immunosenescence may be the pathogenesis of AD. Vascular factors are important in the pathogenesis of VaD. GCSF can be used in identification of AD and VaD， and also as a potential target for the treatment of AD.

Key words: alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, colony stimulating factor, inflammatory factor