Abstract: Objective  To explore the correlation between serum chemerin levels and degree of atrial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods  Eighty patients with  AF  undergoing CARTOguided first catheter radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal or persistent AF were enrolled. According to the presence or absence of low voltage areas,the patients were divided into nonlowvoltage group（n=32） and lowvoltage group（n=48）. According to the range of low voltage area, the lowvoltage group was divided into three subgroups:＞5%≤20%（n=30）,＞20%≤35%（n=12）,＞35%（n=6）. Low voltage area of left atrium reflects the degree of atrial fibrosis. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）  was used to determine the serum chemerin levels of patients. Results  Compared with nonlowvoltage group, serum chemerin level was significantly increased in lowvoltage group.The difference in chemerin levels between ＞5%≤20%,＞20%≤35%, and ＞35% was statistically significant (P＜0.05 for all ).  The larger the range of the low voltage area, the higher the chemerin level. Besides, correlation analysis showed that the serum chemerin level was positively correlated with the lowvoltage range（r=0.721，P＜0.01）. Conclusion  The level of serum chemerin can be used as a noninvasive index to evaluate the degree of  AF, which is helpful for clinical selection of appropriate patients and ablation.

Key words: atrial fibrillation, left atrial low voltage area, chemerin, atrial fibrosis