Abstract: ObjectiveTo discuss the significance of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) for instent restenosis(ISR) in patients with coronary disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MethodsPCI procedure was carried out in 74 patients with coronary disease in the hospital. After the procedure， both coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were conducted. According to the results of coronary angiography， the patients were divided into ISR group and nonISR group. The maximal neointimal hyperplasia thickness of stent， minimal lumen area（LA）， stent crosssectional area， the neointimal hyperplasia area， the percentage of the area of the neointimal， diameter stenosis ratio were measured and calculated，respectively. The serum TGFβ1 level was detected 1 day before PCI， 24 hours， 7 days and 6 months after PCI. TGFβ1 levels after PCI in each group were compared. ResultsCompared with nonISR group， both neointimal hyperplasia thickness and area in ISR group were increased significantly. Compared with prePCI， the concentration of TGFβ1 in both ISR group and nonISR group were significantly increased 24 hours，7 days and 6 months after PCI (P＜0.01). The concentration of TGFβ1 at 24 hours 7 days and 6 months  after PCI in ISR group were obviously higher than those in nonISR group
(P＜0.01). The percentage of the area of the neointimal was positively correlated to TGFβ1. ConclusionThe concentration of TGFβ1 at 24 hours and 7 days after PCI bears close relationship to the restenosis degree.

Key words: coronary artery disease;transforming growth factor beta 1;angioplasty, transluminal, coronary, coronary restenosis, tomography, Xray computerd