Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Chengdu in 2021: An epidemiological study

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2023.03.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics and changing trend of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in Chengdu in 2021, thus providing references for clinical practice.Methods A total of 10,012 patients in Chengdu, Sichuan Province with respiratory tract infection and examined with a passive agglutination assay for detecting MP antibodies (MP-Ab) in 2021 were recruited. The differences in MP infections of different age groups, male or female patients and at different seasons were observed.Results Totally 3084/10,012 (30.80%) MP-positive samples were detected. Stratified by the sex, the positive rate of MP infection in male patients was significantly lower than that of females (25.84% vs 36.12%, χ²=124.00, $P$ <0.05). The positive rate of MP in juveniles was significantly higher than that in adults and middle-aged and elderly people (43.53% vs 33.83%, 14.03%, χ²=790.13, $P$ <0.05). The positive rate of MP increased with aging in patients of 0-18 years. The highest and lowest positive rate of MP in minors were detected in those aged 15-17 years (61.61%) and infants younger than 1 year (4.08%), respectively. A significant difference in the positive rate of MP was detected in age groups of minors (χ²=388.27, $P$ <0.05). Stratified by the season, the highest and lowest positive rate of MP were detected in autumn (33.67%) and summer (27.01%), respectively. No significant difference was detected in the positive rate of MP between winter and spring (χ²=1.16, $P$ >0.05), which was significantly different between summer and autumn (χ²=28.23, $P$ <0.05). November was the month with the highest positive rate of MP in the whole year (35.85%), and the lowest was February (21.79%). Conclusion The positive rate of MP in female is higher than that in male. Preschool children, school-age children and adolescents are susceptible populations of MP infection. In autumn and the alternating seasons of autumn and winter (i.e., September to December), MP infection is highly prevalent. MP is one of the important pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in Chengdu in 2021. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken for susceptible populations according to the epidemiological characteristics of MP infection. Meanwhile, health education should be strengthened to prevent and control the spread of MP infection.

Key words: mycoplasma pneumoniae, epidemiology, Chengdu

CLC Number:

R375.2

Zhang Dawei, Li Xin, Sun Guifeng. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Chengdu in 2021: An epidemiological study[J]. Clinical Focus, 2023, 38(3): 237-240.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2023.03.007

https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/EN/Y2023/V38/I3/237

Figures/Tables 5

Tab. 1 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different genders

性别	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率(%)	阳性构成比(%)
男	5 175	1 337	25.84	43.35
女	4 837	1 747	36.12	56.65
χ²值			124.00
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 1 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different genders

性别	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率(%)	阳性构成比(%)
男	5 175	1 337	25.84	43.35
女	4 837	1 747	36.12	56.65
χ²值			124.00
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 2 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different age groups

组别	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	阳性构成比 (%)
未成年组(0~17岁)	4 110	1 789	43.53	58.11
成年组(18~55岁)	2 359	798	33.83^*	25.68
中老年组(>55岁)	3 543	497	14.03^*#	16.21
χ²值			790.13
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 2 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different age groups

组别	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	阳性构成比 (%)
未成年组(0~17岁)	4 110	1 789	43.53	58.11
成年组(18~55岁)	2 359	798	33.83^*	25.68
中老年组(>55岁)	3 543	497	14.03^*#	16.21
χ²值			790.13
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 3 MP infection of minor patients with respiratory tract infection in different ages

组别	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	阳性构成比 (%)
婴儿组(<1岁)	417	17	4.08	0.95
幼儿组(1~3岁)	1 682	689	40.96^*	38.51
学龄前儿童组(4~6岁)	1 271	639	50.28^*#	35.72
学龄儿童组(7~14岁)	628	375	59.71^*#△	20.96
青少年组(15~17岁)	112	69	61.61^*#△	3.86
χ²值			388.27
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 3 MP infection of minor patients with respiratory tract infection in different ages

组别	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	阳性构成比 (%)
婴儿组(<1岁)	417	17	4.08	0.95
幼儿组(1~3岁)	1 682	689	40.96^*	38.51
学龄前儿童组(4~6岁)	1 271	639	50.28^*#	35.72
学龄儿童组(7~14岁)	628	375	59.71^*#△	20.96
青少年组(15~17岁)	112	69	61.61^*#△	3.86
χ²值			388.27
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 4 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different seasons

季节	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	阳性构成比 (%)
春季(3~5月)	2 276	720	31.63	23.35
夏季(6~8月)	2 325	628	27.01^*	20.36
秋季(9~11月)	2 940	990	33.67^#	32.10
冬季(12-次年2月)	2 471	746	30.19^#△	24.19
χ²值			28.23
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 4 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different seasons

季节	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	阳性构成比 (%)
春季(3~5月)	2 276	720	31.63	23.35
夏季(6~8月)	2 325	628	27.01^*	20.36
秋季(9~11月)	2 940	990	33.67^#	32.10
冬季(12-次年2月)	2 471	746	30.19^#△	24.19
χ²值			28.23
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 5 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different months

月份	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率(%)	阳性构成比(%)
1	720	202	28.06	6.54
2	514	112	21.79	3.63
3	719	197	27.40	6.39
4	741	236	31.85	7.65
5	816	287	35.17	9.31
6	849	217	25.56	7.04
7	836	225	26.91	7.30
8	640	186	29.06	6.03
9	778	250	32.13	8.11
10	1 049	341	32.51	11.05
11	1 113	399	35.85	12.94
12	1 237	432	34.92	14.01
χ²值			76.75
$P$ 值			<0.01

Tab. 5 MP infection of patients with respiratory tract infection in different months

月份	检测例数	阳性例数	阳性率(%)	阳性构成比(%)
1	720	202	28.06	6.54
2	514	112	21.79	3.63
3	719	197	27.40	6.39
4	741	236	31.85	7.65
5	816	287	35.17	9.31
6	849	217	25.56	7.04
7	836	225	26.91	7.30
8	640	186	29.06	6.03
9	778	250	32.13	8.11
10	1 049	341	32.51	11.05
11	1 113	399	35.85	12.94
12	1 237	432	34.92	14.01
χ²值			76.75
$P$ 值			<0.01

References 24

[1]	王宇波, 侯金香, 武英凤. 浅谈肺炎支原体感染[J]. 中国现代医药应用, 2010, 4(2):88-89.
[2]	张会敏, 马宏. 肺炎支原体致病机制的研究进展[J]. 中国现代医生, 2015, 53(19):157-160.
[3]	陈正荣, 严永东. 小儿肺炎支原体感染流行病学特征[J]. 中国实用儿科杂志, 2015, 30(19):3257-3258.
[4]	Waites Ken B. New concepts of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children[J]. Pediatr Pulmonol, 2003, 36(4) : 267-78. doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0496 URL
[5]	Waites KB, Talkington DF. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its role as a human pathogen[J]. Clin Microbiol Rev, 2004, 17(4):697-728. pmid: 15489344
[6]	Gadsby NJ, Reynolds AJ, McMenamin J, et al. Increased reports of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from laboratories in Scotland in 2010 and 2011-impact of the epidemic in infants[J]. Euro Surveill, 2012, 17(10):20110.
[7]	Maheshwari M, Kumar S, Sethi GR, et al. Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with lower respiratory tract infections[J]. Trop Doct, 2011, 41(1):40-42. doi: 10.1258/td.2010.100149 pmid: 21123487
[8]	崔兆海, 廖国阳. 肺炎支原体感染流行病学及耐药状况的研究进展[J]. 中国生物制品学杂志, 2020, 33(2):203-206+212.
[9]	Oishi T, Ouchi K. Recent trends in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae[J]. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(7) : 1782. doi: 10.3390/jcm11071782 URL
[10]	赵郁洁, 张明智. 被动凝集法检测肺炎支原体抗体临床应用研究[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘, 2016, 16(11):4-5.
[11]	曹春月, 马丽, 陈慧娟. 肺炎支原体抗体检测的两种方法学比较[J]. 检验医学与临床, 2018, 15(20):3030-3032.
[12]	高磊, 高岭. 南京地区儿童肺炎支原体感染现状分析及检测方法学比较[J]. 检验医学与临床, 2020, 17(5):633-635+639.
[13]	王居鹏, 朱黎娜, 马明坤, 等. 被动凝集法、间接免疫荧光法和胶体金法联合检测肺炎支原体抗体对儿童肺炎支原体感染的诊断价值[J]. 天津医药, 2022, 50(4):418-423.
[14]	胡塔, 欧阳凯, 陈岸岸, 等. 2016-2018年广州地区儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行病学分析[J]. 中国妇幼保健, 2020, 35(17):3200-3202.
[15]	舒全英, 程兵, 李丽珍. 孝南区4490例肺炎支原体血清学抗体检测结果分析[J]. 中国继续医学教育, 2021, 13(6):88-91.
[16]	钱莉, 朱叶飞, 刘强. 2018年南京市浦口区肺炎支原体感染的流行病学分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2020, 36(6):842-844+848.
[17]	陈迎荣. 分析肺炎支原体抗体检测对儿童呼吸道感染的临床价值[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘, 2018, 18(39):56+58.
[18]	李秀娟, 李德法, 连清荣. 厦门地区 2015—2016 年儿童肺炎支原体感染抗体检测结果分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(5):723-725.
[19]	Onozuka D, Hashizume M, Hagihara A. Impact of weather factors on Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.[J]. Thorax, 2009, 64(6) :507-11. doi: 10.1136/thx.2008.111237 pmid: 19318345
[20]	代雷阳, 宋顺琪, 张红芳, 等. 昆明市儿童肺炎支原体感染流行特点分析[J]. 吉林医学, 2021, 42(6):1442-1444.
[21]	王艳蕊, 王桂芳, 宋丽芳, 等. 儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行病学特征分析[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志, 2020, 15(2):230-232+237.
[22]	刘文静, 崔京涛, 闫文娟, 等. 2010-2019年北京协和医院肺炎支原体感染实验室和临床特征分析[J]. 国际检验医学杂志, 2021, 42(13):1610-1613+1617.
[23]	刘策, 叶芳, 姜巧巧, 等. 北京东南部地区成人社区获得性肺炎620例病原学分析[J]. 中国当代医药, 2022, 29(7):139-142+150.
[24]	刘苹, 蒋劢, 林锦娜. 儿童社区获得性肺炎常见病原体及临床特征分析[J]. 深圳中西医结合杂志, 2021, 31(5):42-44.