Efficacy of empagliflozin combined with liraglutide on obese and overweight T2DM patients and its impact on inflammatory factors: A prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled clinical study

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2024.10.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of empagliflozin combined with liraglutide on obese/overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its effects on inflammatory factors and islet function. Methods A total of 58 obese/overweight T2DM patients hospitalized and treated at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from June 2021 to September 2023 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly assigned into the experimental group (Lira+Empa group) and the control group (Lira group), with 29 cases in each group. Patients in the experimental group received a combination therapy of empagliflozin and liraglutide, while those in the control group received liraglutide monotherapy. Pre- and post-treatment glycometabolic indicators, lipid metabolic indicators, inflammatory factors, islet function indicators, and adverse events were compared between groups. Results After treatment, the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2 hPPG), glycated albumin (GA), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), body mass index (BMI), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. The levels of FPG, 2 hPPG, GA, BMI, IL-6, and IL-10 in the Lira+Empa group were all significantly lower than those of the Lira group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of C-peptide (C-P), fasting insulin (FINS), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and HOMA-β was significantly higher in the Lira+Empa group than the Lira group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups. Conclusion Compared with liraglutide monotherapy, the combination therapy of empagliflozin and liraglutide can further improve the blood glucose-lowering effect, lower blood sugar levels, promote islet function of patients, reduce body weight, and reduce inflammatory factors in obese/overweight T2DM patients, with a good safety.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, type 2, empagliflozin, liraglutide, inflammatory factors, HOMA-β

CLC Number:

R587.1

Wang Jing, Li Caige, Wang Ting, Liu Zibo, Gai Bin, Jin Yangyu, Zhang Lihui. Efficacy of empagliflozin combined with liraglutide on obese and overweight T2DM patients and its impact on inflammatory factors: A prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled clinical study[J]. Clinical Focus, 2024, 39(10): 909-914.

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URL: https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2024.10.007

https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/EN/Y2024/V39/I10/909

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References 25

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组别	例数	性别[例(%)]		年龄 (岁)	BMI (kg/m²)	病程 (年)	FPG (mmol/L)	HbA₁c (%)	TC (mmol/L)	TG (mmol/L)	LDL-C (mmol/L)
组别	例数	男	女	年龄 (岁)	BMI (kg/m²)	病程 (年)	FPG (mmol/L)	HbA₁c (%)	TC (mmol/L)	TG (mmol/L)	LDL-C (mmol/L)
对照组	29	22(75.9%)	7(24.1%)	49.17±10.72	27.39±9.17	1.00(0.10, 7.50)	9.53±2.11	9.10(8.20, 9.45)	4.74±0.94	2.59±1.59	3.05±0.90
试验组	29	21(72.4%)	8(27.6%)	44.97±10.03	27.55±7.56	1.00(0.37, 5.00)	9.56±1.57	9.20(8.15, 9.50)	4.84±1.23	2.23±1.06	3.35±0.65
t/Z/χ²值		0.09		1.543	-0.474	-0.039	-0.384	-0.241	-0.331	-1.392	-1.459
P值		0.764		0.128	0.635	0.969	0.701	0.809	0.742	0.164	0.151

组别	例数	性别[例(%)]		年龄 (岁)	BMI (kg/m²)	病程 (年)	FPG (mmol/L)	HbA₁c (%)	TC (mmol/L)	TG (mmol/L)	LDL-C (mmol/L)
组别	例数	男	女	年龄 (岁)	BMI (kg/m²)	病程 (年)	FPG (mmol/L)	HbA₁c (%)	TC (mmol/L)	TG (mmol/L)	LDL-C (mmol/L)
对照组	29	22(75.9%)	7(24.1%)	49.17±10.72	27.39±9.17	1.00(0.10, 7.50)	9.53±2.11	9.10(8.20, 9.45)	4.74±0.94	2.59±1.59	3.05±0.90
试验组	29	21(72.4%)	8(27.6%)	44.97±10.03	27.55±7.56	1.00(0.37, 5.00)	9.56±1.57	9.20(8.15, 9.50)	4.84±1.23	2.23±1.06	3.35±0.65
t/Z/χ²值		0.09		1.543	-0.474	-0.039	-0.384	-0.241	-0.331	-1.392	-1.459
P值		0.764		0.128	0.635	0.969	0.701	0.809	0.742	0.164	0.151

组别	例数	FPG(mmol/L)		2 hPPG(mmol/L)		GA(%)
组别	例数	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后
试验组	29	9.53±2.11	5.86±0.90^*	14.85±1.84	6.97±1.00^*	27.07±7.17	19.69±3.61^*
对照组	29	9.56±1.57	6.82±0.97^*	14.84±1.95	7.87±0.94^*	26.99±3.93	22.05±3.42^*
t值		-0.384	-3.523	-0.152	-3.658	0.046	-2.496
P值		0.701	<0.001	0.879	0.001	0.964	0.015

组别	例数	FPG(mmol/L)		2 hPPG(mmol/L)		GA(%)
组别	例数	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后
试验组	29	9.53±2.11	5.86±0.90^*	14.85±1.84	6.97±1.00^*	27.07±7.17	19.69±3.61^*
对照组	29	9.56±1.57	6.82±0.97^*	14.84±1.95	7.87±0.94^*	26.99±3.93	22.05±3.42^*
t值		-0.384	-3.523	-0.152	-3.658	0.046	-2.496
P值		0.701	<0.001	0.879	0.001	0.964	0.015

组别	例数	BMI(kg/m²)		TC(mmol/L)		TG(mmol/L)		LDL-C(mmol/L)
组别	例数	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后
对照组	29	27.39±9.17	26.38±4.99^*	4.74±0.94	3.60±0.57^*	2.59±1.59	1.27±0.48^*	3.05±0.90	2.20±0.33^*
试验组	29	27.55±7.56	24.69±1.89^*	4.84±1.23	3.39±0.69^*	2.23±1.06	1.09±0.30^*	3.35±0.65	2.06±0.33^*
t值		-0.474	3.112	-0.331	1.284	-1.392	0.879	-1.459	1.397
P值		0.635	0.002	0.742	0.199	0.164	0.379	0.151	0.163