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2型糖尿病下肢血管病变介入治疗362例5年随访分析

  

  1. 河北医科大学第四医院 内分泌科,  河北 石家庄 050011
  • 出版日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2019-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 王富军,Email: wangfujun139@126.com

Interventional treatment of lower extremity vascular disease in type 2

  1. Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
  • Online:2019-08-20 Published:2019-10-09
  • Contact: Corresponding author: Wang Fujun, Email: wangfujun139@126.com

摘要: 目的  探讨2型糖尿病合并下肢血管病变临床特点及下肢血管介入治疗的远期疗效和临床意义。方法  对2007-2014年7年间因糖尿病下肢血管病变于我院行下肢血管病变介入治疗的362例患者进行5年疗效随访,并对其临床特点进行分析,所有患者Fontaine分期均在Ⅱb~Ⅳ期之间,362例患者393条下肢(31例为双下肢)均进行了下肢动脉造影(DSA)检查,根据DSA情况选择合适的介入治疗方式。术后常规应用降糖、抗凝、抗血小板药物及降压等治疗,指导饮食和运动治疗,定期随访。结果  362例患者43例失访,其余319例患者中死亡74例,病死率23.2%,其中36例死于心脑血管疾病,6例死于糖尿病肾病,4例死于足部感染,3例死于呼吸道感染,16例死于肿瘤,9例死因不明。现存活的245例患者中,髂动脉病变为主者19例(20条血管),股腘动脉病变为主者63例(69条血管),膝下动脉病变为主者124例(133条血管),股腘动脉和膝下动脉病变均较严重者39例(46条血管)。5年内介入血管再狭窄的93例(94条血管:双侧再狭窄者仅1例,为双侧膝下动脉介入治疗后者),76例为膝下动脉的介入后再狭窄,其中截肢6例,再次行介入治疗者52例。介入血管通畅者132例,其余20例无法判断。结论  糖尿病下肢血管病变介入治疗患者以膝下病变为主,介入治疗成功率高,保肢率高,远期疗效好。介入治疗成功后的运动治疗和内科治疗对保持介入血管的长期通畅起决定性作用。

关键词: 糖尿病, 2型, 糖尿病血管病变, 介入治疗, 远期通畅率

Abstract: Objective  To investigate clinical characteristics of lower extremity arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients, and to further evaluate longterm effect and clinical significance of lower extremity arterial intervention. Methods  Totally 362 patients were followed up who underwent lower extremity arterial intervention in our department from 2007 to 2014 for 7 years. Furthermore, we analyzed their clinical characteristics. Totally 393 legs (stage IIb to Ⅳ in Fontaine′s classification) of 362 patients has underwent DSA examinations. The appropriate interventional therapeutic method was chosen based on the results from DSA examinations. Patients took routine treatments including antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy. All patients followed guidance for dieting and exercise. Results  Altogether 362 patients (43 cases were out of followed), 74 cases died, mortality rate was 23.2%. Among death cases, 36 cases died of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, 6 cases died of diabetic nephropathy, 4 cases died of foot infection, 3 cases died of respiratory tract infection, 16 cases died of tumor, 9 cases died of uncertain cause. Among survived 245 cases, iliac artery disease in 19 cases (20 arteries), femoralpopliteal artery disease in 63 cases (69 arteries), belowtheknee artery disease in 124 cases (133 arteries), critical femoralpopliteal artery and belowtheknee artery disease in 39 cases (46 arteries). Restenosis in five years was found in 93 cases (94 arteries: including restenosis of bilateral belowtheknee artery in 1 case ), and 76 cases of them were post belowtheknee arterial intervention: 6 cases with amputation; 52 cases with second operation. The artificial vessel grafts were patent in 132 cases. The remained 20 cases were unable to estimate. Conclusion  The main target of lower extremity arterial intervention was belowtheknee arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Lower extremity arterial intervention was a treatment with excellent Longterm efficiency, high success rate and high limb salvage rate. The medical and exercise treatment played a decisive role in maintenance of Longterm patency after a successful intervention.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, , type 2, Diabetic angiopathy, Interventional therapy, forward patency