Abstract: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is an uncommon lung infection disease caused by the fungus Aspergillus. The duration of CPA is usually more than 3 months. CPA is often secondary to other respiratory diseases, such as tuberculosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and sarcoidosis, et al. If not active treatment, 5 years of mortality will be high (75%-80%). Therefore, it is necessary for clinicians to comprehensively improve the understanding of CPA, in order to confirm the diagnosis and give appropriate treatment as soon as possible, eventually to decrease the mortality rate. In recent years, with the gradual increase in the number of CPA patients, the clinicians' understanding of the disease is more and more improved, the research results of CPA diagnosis and treatment are increasing day by day. Recently, an expert group from the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), and from the European Respiratory Society (ERS) summarized the results of preliminary research on CPA, and released a rationale and clinical guideline for diagnosis and management of CPA. This guideline covers the definition, clinical classification, laboratory examination, imaging examination, diagnostic criteria, treatment, follow-up of CPA and etc. This article is an interpretion of the newest guideline, aims to learn and share the latest achievements in the field of CPA, ultimately to direct clinical management.

Key words: lung diseases,fungal, diagnosis, clinical protocols, guidline