Abstract: Objective  To investigate the prevalence of kidneyrelated diseases， distribution characteristics and risk factors by screening the urine screening of the seventh grade students in the heavy industrial area of Lanzhou. Methods  Urine was collected from the seventh grade students(n=1 969) in Xigu District of Lanzhou and screened by urine reagent papers. The first abnormalities of urine check were reviewed. Patients with double abnormal results of urinary erythrocytes， hematuria， proteinuria， albuminuria and urinary white blood cells were followed up. Results  The abnormal ratio of urine was up to 15.4%  for the 1969 seventh grade students (1214 years old) in Xigu District of Lanzhou. Of these abnormalities， positive urinary occult blood， positive urine protein and positive white blood cell urine accounted for 301 cases， 200 cases and 39 cases， respectively. The ratio of total urinary abnormalities in local resident students was significantly higher than that of rural migrant students (P<0.05); The abnormality rate of white blood cells in female urine was significantly higher than that in male (P<0.05). The proportion of total urinary abnormalities， urinary occult blood and proteinuria in male students in local urban areas were significantly higher than those in rural migrant students (P<0.05). Positive rate in urinary occult blood with proteinuria in female students was significantly higher in local urban than in rural area (P<0.05). Conclusion  The urine abnormality of the seventh grade students in Xigu District of Lanzhou  is higher than that of the reported domestic data， and the abnormalities of the resident population in the local population were higher than those of the rural students.

Key words: nephrosis, children, urine