Abstract: Objective  To analyze the factors related to pseudoaneurysm caused by puncture vascular pathway in hemodialysis patients, and to investigate how to prevent and treat this serious complication in clinic. Methods  Retrospective analysis was appliedto analyze the clinical characteristics and the possiblerisk factors for 12 patients with pseudoaneurysm associated with hemodialysis in our hospital. And to further understand the characteristics and treatment of pseudoaneurysms.Results  Vascular pathway associated pseudoaneurysms in hemodialysis patients may be relevant to the factors, such as direct puncture artery, puncture failure, non-standard usage of arteriovenous fistula, the application of heparin during dialysis, and patients with hypertension arteriosclerosis or diabetes. Surgery was an effective treatment for those diseases. Conclusion  For the patients with hemodialysis, especially patients with hypertensive arteriosclerosis diabetes, the preferred treatment is autogenous arteriovenous fistula, rather than direct puncture artery for vascular access. Pseudoaneurysm should be treated early. To reduce the complications, medical doctors should master the application time and puncture methodwith regular vascular access monitoring and early intervention.

Key words: renal dialysis, aneurysm, false, blood vessels