Abstract: To enhance the  understanding of isolated myeloid sarcoma, an analysis combined with the review of literatures was conducted on the clinical manifestations, immunohistochemistry, treatment  and prognosis of one case of myeloid sarcoma .Should IMS occur in a rare site with poor differentiation and without immunohistocemistry  or light green appearance,  it would be  easily misdiagnosed as lymphoma,  rhabdomyosarcoma and so on,  which decides the diagnosis based on pathology and immunohistochemistry. There  is a high risk of IMS transforming into acute leukemia.Despite the localized nature of tumor, intensive antileukemia chemotherapy is necessary.Conditions permitting,  hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be carried out in time to delay disease recurrence,  prolong  the period of survival and improve  prognosis.

Key words: sarcoma, , myeloid, immunohistochemistry, radiotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation