Abstract: Metabolic products， such as free fatty acid（FFA）， lipopolysaccharide（LPS） etc often induce chronic lowgrade inflammation， which calls metabolic inflammation and participates in and leads to atherosclerosis， type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）， nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity as well. Our study group first proposed the concept and diagnostic idea of  “Metabolic inflammatory syndrome (MIS)”  in national and international field. We recommended that patients who meet two or more metabolic disorders above could be diagnozed as MIS. In the patients with T2DM， the detection rate of MIS and prediction on the relative risk of coronary heart disease were significantly higher over metabolic syndrome （MS）. These suggested that the concept of  MIS was more suitable than MS for early screening， prevention and research in metabolic diseases. If the patients have one of four metabolic diseases of  MIS，they should be screened other disease， especially atherosclerosis. Therefore， the concept of MIS will promote the prevention and treatment for patients with different diseases.

Key words: metabolic inflammation, metabolic inflammatory syndrome, diabetes mellitus, type2；atherosclerosis, fatty liver, nonalcoholic；obesity