Abstract: Objective   To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the related risk factors. Methods  A total of 202 patients newly diagnosed as T2DM were enrolled, including 98 patients with thyroid nodules (nodule group) and 104 patients without thyroid nodules (nonnodule group). The general dataof patients were collected, involving gender, age, height, weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), uric acid (UA) and thyroid nodule size. Results  The age, FINS, insulin resistant index(HOMAIR), TC, and HbA1c in nodule group were significantly higher than those in nonnodule group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The proportion of women in nodule group was higher than that in nonnodule group. And the thyroid nodule size was positively correlated with HOMAIR and age. The gender, age, TC, HOMAIR and HbA1c  were risk factors for thyroid nodules. Conclusion  Insulin resistance may be a risk factor for thyroid nodules. It is of great clinical significance to perform thyroid doppler ultrasonography on patients with newly T2DM.

Key words: diabetes, type 2, thyroid nodules; , homeostasis model assessmentinsulin resistance