Correlation analysis between dietary nutrient intake with blood glucose and insulin resistance in healthy population

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2023.02.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To explore the correlation between the intake of different dietary nutrients with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin resistance (IR). Methods Based on the data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS), the data of 1 376 samples were included by matching the basic demographic data and serological test results with ID. The differences in fasting blood glucose of people with different nutrient intake groups, and their correlation with IR indexes were analyzed. Results Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and serum uric acid in prediabetes group and diabetic group significantly increased, especially in the latter group (P<0.05). FBG was significantly higher in the highest quartile of fat intake group than that in the lowest quartile of fat intake group (5.38±1.34 vs 5.06±1.10 mmol/L, P=0.017). It was positively correlated with fat intake (r=0.1122, P<0.01), but not correlated with carbohydrate and protein intake (both P>0.05). In addition, fat intake was correlated with Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) (r=0.0525, P =0.051), and negatively correlated with the Homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) (r=-0.0520, P=0.053) and Homeostasis model assessment for beta-cell function (HOMA-β) (r=-0.0681, P=0.011). Conclusion Fat intake is closely correlated with the increased FBG and IR in healthy population, although the specific mechanism needs to be further explored.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, dietary nutrients, insulin resistance, fat intake

CLC Number:

R589.2

Han Tuo, Wang Lixia, Wang Yiwen, Li Ying, Gong Hong, Zhang Chunyan, Zhang Yan, Li Yongqin, Wang Congxia. Correlation analysis between dietary nutrient intake with blood glucose and insulin resistance in healthy population[J]. Clinical Focus, 2023, 38(2): 126-131.

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URL: https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2023.02.005

https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/EN/Y2023/V38/I2/126

Figures/Tables 5

Tab. 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between groups

项目	健康对照组( $n$ =906)	糖尿病前期组( $n$ =373)	糖尿病组( $n$ =97)	$F$ /χ²值	$P$ 值
性别(女)[例(%)]	537(59.3)	218(58.4)	48(49.5)	3.455	0.178
年龄(岁)	35.8±17.3	46.5±18.3^*	55.1±15.0^*#	89.226	<0.01
红细胞计数(×10¹²/L)	4.71±0.65	4.76±0.64	4.81±0.66	1.523	0.218
血红蛋白(g/L)	138.42±19.12	139.74±19.96	142.95±20.55^*	2.643	0.072
谷丙转氨酶(U/L)	19.41±16.91	23.27±18.93^*	29.72±27.74^*#	16.992	<0.01
白蛋白(g/L)	47.41±3.75	47.28±3.36	47.06±3.28	0.525	0.592
血肌酐(μmol/L)	81.19±17.04	83.86±17.69^*	89.29±21.24^*#	10.836	<0.01
尿素氮(mmol/L)	4.89±1.43	5.31±1.62^*	5.80±1.76^*#	22.763	<0.01
血尿酸(mg/dL)	291.24±95.53	304.09±102.37	370.41±242.55^*#	21.459	<0.01
总胆固醇(mmol/L)	4.56±.97	4.96±1.09*	5.47±1.11^*#	47.512	<0.01
三酰甘油(mmol/L)	1.41±1.16	1.65±.34^*	3.49±3.49^*#	85.621	<0.01
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.45±0.42	1.39±0.35	1.36±1.50	2.553	0.078
LDL-C(mmol/L)	2.74±0.96	3.10±1.00^*	3.05±1.18^*	19.698	<0.01
FBG(mmol/L)	4.85±0.53	5.29±0.67^*	8.45±3.07^*#	47.512	<0.01
空腹胰岛素(mU/L)	12.83±20.48	15.87±13.72^*	25.51±41.95^*#	16.622	<0.01
HbA₁c(%)	5.19±0.33	5.86±0.29^*	7.53±1.83^*#	797.385	<0.01
总能量摄入(kCal/d)	1977.98±604.32	2006.72±596.79	2137.04±1069.13^*	2.715	0.067
碳水化合物(g/d)	272.27±96.45	274.80±96.71	270.04±106.80	0.131	0.877
脂肪摄入(g/d)	69.67±33.08	70.80±34.27	86.80±96.64^*#	7.614	0.001
蛋白摄入(g/d)	63.56±22.96	65.57±21.23	67.31±24.10	1.927	0.146

Tab. 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between groups

项目	健康对照组( $n$ =906)	糖尿病前期组( $n$ =373)	糖尿病组( $n$ =97)	$F$ /χ²值	$P$ 值
性别(女)[例(%)]	537(59.3)	218(58.4)	48(49.5)	3.455	0.178
年龄(岁)	35.8±17.3	46.5±18.3^*	55.1±15.0^*#	89.226	<0.01
红细胞计数(×10¹²/L)	4.71±0.65	4.76±0.64	4.81±0.66	1.523	0.218
血红蛋白(g/L)	138.42±19.12	139.74±19.96	142.95±20.55^*	2.643	0.072
谷丙转氨酶(U/L)	19.41±16.91	23.27±18.93^*	29.72±27.74^*#	16.992	<0.01
白蛋白(g/L)	47.41±3.75	47.28±3.36	47.06±3.28	0.525	0.592
血肌酐(μmol/L)	81.19±17.04	83.86±17.69^*	89.29±21.24^*#	10.836	<0.01
尿素氮(mmol/L)	4.89±1.43	5.31±1.62^*	5.80±1.76^*#	22.763	<0.01
血尿酸(mg/dL)	291.24±95.53	304.09±102.37	370.41±242.55^*#	21.459	<0.01
总胆固醇(mmol/L)	4.56±.97	4.96±1.09*	5.47±1.11^*#	47.512	<0.01
三酰甘油(mmol/L)	1.41±1.16	1.65±.34^*	3.49±3.49^*#	85.621	<0.01
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.45±0.42	1.39±0.35	1.36±1.50	2.553	0.078
LDL-C(mmol/L)	2.74±0.96	3.10±1.00^*	3.05±1.18^*	19.698	<0.01
FBG(mmol/L)	4.85±0.53	5.29±0.67^*	8.45±3.07^*#	47.512	<0.01
空腹胰岛素(mU/L)	12.83±20.48	15.87±13.72^*	25.51±41.95^*#	16.622	<0.01
HbA₁c(%)	5.19±0.33	5.86±0.29^*	7.53±1.83^*#	797.385	<0.01
总能量摄入(kCal/d)	1977.98±604.32	2006.72±596.79	2137.04±1069.13^*	2.715	0.067
碳水化合物(g/d)	272.27±96.45	274.80±96.71	270.04±106.80	0.131	0.877
脂肪摄入(g/d)	69.67±33.08	70.80±34.27	86.80±96.64^*#	7.614	0.001
蛋白摄入(g/d)	63.56±22.96	65.57±21.23	67.31±24.10	1.927	0.146

Fig. 1 Comparison and correlation analysis of FBG between dietary nutrient groups

Fig. 2 Comparison and correlation analysis of FBG in gender subgroups

Fig. 3 Correlation analysis between different nutrients uptake and insulin resistance indexes

Fig. 4 Correlation analysis between the same nutrients and insulin levels

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