脑电图在轻度认知功能障碍中的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2022.08.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment, MCI)是认知功能从正常发展到痴呆的一个阶段,由于其临床预后差,晚期发展到痴呆后缺少有效的治疗方式,故早期对MCI进行识别、评估及干预显得尤为重要。目前,临床中对MCI的识别主要采用神经心理学测试和结构影像学相结合的方法,但无法反映患者神经代谢方面的病理变化。脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)可记录和可视化人类的脑电活动,脑电节律的测量可以揭示人类皮层锥体神经元活动的神经同步和去同步机制,反映大脑调节唤醒、警觉及认知功能的状态,对MCI的早期识别起到重要作用。本研究通过对EEG在MCI中的研究进展进行综述,旨在进一步提高MCI的早期识别。

中图分类号:

R741

李梓浩, 吴美妮, 尹昌浩, 吴天娇, 赵维纳. 脑电图在轻度认知功能障碍中的研究进展[J]. 临床荟萃, 2022, 37(8): 748-752.

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链接本文: https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2022.08.014

https://huicui.hebmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V37/I8/748

图/表 1

参考文献 45

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疾病分类	类型	特异性改变
MCI	rsEEG	枕叶顶叶:α功率下降、δ和θ波功率升高、δ和θ波功率比值升高^[13]
	ERP	P300潜伏期延长^[22]
	脑网络	α频段中,EEG电流源密度连接性降低^[34]
aMCI	rsEEG	顶叶:β1频段功率下降^[14-15]
	ERP	N200和P300的潜伏期增加^[23]
	脑网络	左侧额叶与枕叶之间、左侧中央区与内侧顶叶之间以及左侧中央与右侧顶叶脑区之间的区域间连接水平降低^[32]
AD	rsEEG	额叶及颞叶:θ波功率升高^[12]
	ERP	P200、N100、N200和P300的潜伏期延长、β-ERS振幅降低^[22-23,26]
	脑网络	PC神经活动增加,β频段的脑振荡增强,PC和额叶内侧区域之间的功能连接水平改变^[35]

疾病分类	类型	特异性改变
MCI	rsEEG	枕叶顶叶:α功率下降、δ和θ波功率升高、δ和θ波功率比值升高^[13]
	ERP	P300潜伏期延长^[22]
	脑网络	α频段中,EEG电流源密度连接性降低^[34]
aMCI	rsEEG	顶叶:β1频段功率下降^[14-15]
	ERP	N200和P300的潜伏期增加^[23]
	脑网络	左侧额叶与枕叶之间、左侧中央区与内侧顶叶之间以及左侧中央与右侧顶叶脑区之间的区域间连接水平降低^[32]
AD	rsEEG	额叶及颞叶:θ波功率升高^[12]
	ERP	P200、N100、N200和P300的潜伏期延长、β-ERS振幅降低^[22-23,26]
	脑网络	PC神经活动增加,β频段的脑振荡增强,PC和额叶内侧区域之间的功能连接水平改变^[35]

脑电图在轻度认知功能障碍中的研究进展

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